Get exam-ready with our Edexcel IGCSE History Predicted Papers! 🎯📚

Designed to help you feel confident and prepared, these papers come with a free video walkthrough, so you can see exactly how to interpret the questions and structure your answers to maximise marks 💪📝.

They're a great way to practise – but remember, they’re just predictions, so make sure to revise everything 🧠📖.

Most importantly, please take care of your mental health during revision season – you're doing your best, and that is more than enough 💛✨.

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• Paper 1 | Option 3 | Germany: development of dicta …

• Paper 1 | Option 6: A World Divided: Superpower Re …

• Paper 1 | Option 7: A Divided Union: Civil Rights …

• Paper 2 | Option A1: The Origins and Course of the …

• Paper 2 | Option A2: Russia and the Soviet Union, …

• Paper 2 | Option A3: The USA, 1918–41

• Paper 2 | Option B2: Changes in Medicine, c1848–c1 …

• Paper 2 | Option B4: China: Conflict, Crisis and C …

• Paper 2 | Option B6: The Changing Nature of Warfar …

Paper 1 | Option 3 | Germany: development of dictatorship, 1918–45

Youth Resistance to the Nazi Regime

🧒📢
Not all young people supported the Nazis! Groups like the Edelweiss Pirates and Swing Youth rebelled by rejecting Nazi ideals, listening to banned music, refusing to join Hitler Youth, and even distributing anti-Nazi leaflets. Although small in number, their resistance showed that not everyone was brainwashed. The Nazis responded with harsh punishments to crush dissent.

Revise:

• Who resisted and how?

• Why was this dangerous?

• How did the Nazis respond?

The Effects of the Great Depression on Germany

💰📉
The 1929 Wall Street Crash hit Germany hard. American loans were recalled, businesses failed, unemployment soared (over 6 million by 1932!), and poverty spread. This economic chaos created fertile ground for extremist parties like the Nazis, who promised jobs and stability.

Revise:

• Economic and social impact

• Political consequences

• Why did this help the Nazis rise to power?

Weaknesses of the Weimar Republic, 1919–23

⚖️🇩🇪
The Weimar Republic was born into crisis – blamed for signing the Treaty of Versailles, it faced uprisings from the left (Spartacists) and right (Kapp Putsch, Munich Putsch), hyperinflation in 1923, and struggled with a weak constitution. Proportional representation meant coalition governments that often couldn’t agree on anything.

Revise:

• Political instability

• Economic challenges

• Public perception of the government

Nazi Policies Towards the German People, 1933–39

🏛️👥
The Nazis controlled all aspects of life:

• Youth: Indoctrinated through Hitler Youth and school curriculum

• Women: Encouraged to focus on “Kinder, Küche, Kirche” (children, kitchen, church)

• Workers: Schemes like Strength Through Joy offered rewards, but no real say

• Terror: SS and Gestapo enforced conformity

• Propaganda: Media, art, and even radio used to spread Nazi ideals

Revise:

• How life changed under Nazi rule

• Who benefited and who suffered?

• The role of fear and control

Paper 1 | Option 6: A World Divided: Superpower Relations, 1943–72

The Prague Spring, 1968

🌸🕊️
Led by Alexander Dubček, Czechoslovakia introduced reforms aiming for "socialism with a human face" – loosening censorship, allowing opposition, and giving more freedom. The USSR, under Brezhnev, saw this as a threat to communist control. In August 1968, Soviet troops invaded to crush the movement.

Revise:

• What were Dubček’s reforms?

• Why did the USSR react so strongly?

• Impact on the Eastern Bloc and Brezhnev Doctrine

The Effects of the Yalta Conference on Relations Between the USSR and the West

📜🇷🇺🇬🇧🇺🇸
Held in February 1945, the Yalta Conference brought Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin together. Agreements were made on splitting Germany, free elections in Eastern Europe, and setting up the UN. But tensions simmered – especially over Poland and Soviet intentions.

Revise:

• Key agreements made

• Areas of disagreement

• How Yalta set the stage for Cold War rivalry

The Consequences of the Berlin Crisis, 1948–49

✈️🧱
When the USSR blockaded West Berlin to force out the Allies, the West responded with the Berlin Airlift – supplying the city by air for nearly a year. Stalin backed down, but this crisis had lasting effects.

Revise:

• What caused the blockade?

• How did the airlift work?

• Long-term consequences: NATO formed, Germany split more permanently

Features of the Cold War in the 1950s

🧊💣
The 1950s saw the Cold War heat up despite no direct conflict:

• Arms Race: Both sides developed nuclear weapons

• Propaganda: Each side portrayed the other as evil

• Spying & Espionage: CIA vs KGB

• Korean War (1950–53): Proxy war between capitalist and communist ideologies

• Warsaw Pact (1955): Response to NATO

Revise:

• Key Cold War tensions and events

• Why it was “cold” not “hot”

• Impact on global politics and daily life

Paper 1 | Option 7: A Divided Union: Civil Rights in the USA, 1945–74

Desegregation of Education

🏫🧑‍🤝‍🧑
The fight to desegregate schools was a key moment in the civil rights movement. The Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Supreme Court case ruled that segregation in schools was unconstitutional, overturning Plessy v. Ferguson. This decision sparked resistance in the South and highlighted the federal government’s role in enforcing civil rights.

Revise:

• What was the Brown decision?

• How did states react?

• Link to Little Rock, 1957 – federal vs state power

Effects of the National Organization for Women (NOW) on Women’s Rights

♀️📢
Founded in 1966 by Betty Friedan and others, NOW pushed for equality in work, education, and law. They campaigned for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), fought against gender discrimination, and supported legal abortion rights.

Revise:

• Aims and methods of NOW

• Achievements and challenges

• Impact on women's role in society

Reasons for the Growth of Anti-Communism, 1945–54

🕵️‍♂️🔴
After WWII, fear of communism spread rapidly – known as the Red Scare. Events like the Soviet atomic bomb, China turning communist (1949), and the Korean War fuelled paranoia. In the USA, Senator McCarthy led aggressive investigations into suspected communists in government, media, and education.

Revise:

• International events causing fear

• Role of McCarthyism

• Impact on American society and politics

Features of the Civil Rights Protests in the 1960s

🚶‍♂️✊🚌
The 1960s were packed with bold, peaceful (and sometimes more militant) protest:

• Sit-ins (e.g., Greensboro, 1960)

• Freedom Rides (testing desegregation laws)

• March on Washington (1963) – MLK’s “I Have a Dream” speech

• Selma to Montgomery marches (1965)

• Rise of Black Power and groups like the Black Panthers

Revise:

• Key events and methods (non-violent vs militant)

• Role of leaders like MLK and Malcolm X

• Government response and impact on laws (Civil Rights Act, Voting Rights Act)

Paper 2 | Option A1: The Origins and Course of the First World War, 1905–18

Weapons Used on the Western Front

🔫💥
Trench warfare led to a brutal arms race.

• Machine Guns: Devastatingly effective – key reason for stalemate

• Artillery: Caused most casualties; long-range, used in barrages

• Gas: First used in 1915 (chlorine, phosgene, mustard gas); terrifying but unpredictable

• Tanks: Introduced in 1916, broke through barbed wire but often broke down

• Planes: Used for reconnaissance and later combat (dogfights!)

Revise:

• Strengths and weaknesses of each weapon

• Impact on soldiers and trench conditions

• How weapons shaped strategies and outcomes

The Ludendorff Spring Offensive (1918)

⚔️🗺️
Germany’s final gamble – launched March 1918 to break the stalemate before US troops arrived. They used stormtrooper tactics (speed and surprise) and made big early gains, pushing Allies back 64km. BUT – it overstretched supply lines and exhausted German troops. By summer, the Allies counterattacked.

Revise:

• Aims and strategy of the offensive

• Short-term success, long-term failure

• How it led to Germany’s defeat later in 1918

The Growth of Balkan Nationalism

🇷🇸🔥
Ethnic groups in the Balkans (like Serbs, Croats, Bosnians) wanted independence from empires like Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire. Serbia was especially nationalist and supported Slavs across the region. This created huge tensions, especially with Austria-Hungary, who feared losing control of its diverse empire.

Revise:

• What nationalism meant in the Balkans

• Role of Serbia and the idea of “Greater Serbia”

• How this created friction with Austria-Hungary

The Reasons for Increased Tensions in the Balkans

💣🌍
Several factors fuelled instability:

• Decline of the Ottoman Empire left a power vacuum

• Austro-Hungarian expansion into Bosnia (1908) angered Serbia

• Balkan Wars (1912–13) made Serbia stronger and more confident

• Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (1914) was the breaking point

Revise:

• Events from 1905 to 1914

• How each event escalated tensions

• Link to the outbreak of WWI

Paper 2 | Option A2: Russia and the Soviet Union, 1905–24

Tsarist Rule in 1905

👑📉
Tsar Nicholas II ruled as an autocrat – total power, no parliament. But Russia was struggling:

• Economic issues: Poverty, poor working conditions, and famine

• Political unrest: Calls for reform, growing support for revolutionary groups (e.g. Social Revolutionaries, Social Democrats)

• Russo-Japanese War (1904–05): Humiliating defeat, sparked unrest at home

• 1905 Revolution: Triggered by Bloody Sunday – strikes, mutinies, and protests. Tsar promised reforms in the October Manifesto, but backtracked soon after.

Revise:

• Features of Tsarist rule

• Causes and outcomes of the 1905 Revolution

• Impact on Tsar’s authority

The Petrograd Soviet

🗳️⚙️
Set up during the February Revolution (1917), the Petrograd Soviet represented workers and soldiers. It shared power with the Provisional Government in a situation called Dual Power. Though the Provisional Government had official control, the Soviet had real influence – especially with its Order No.1, which gave it authority over the army.

Revise:

• What it was and who it represented

• Role during Dual Power

• Influence on the downfall of the Provisional Government

The Russian Civil War (1918–21)

⚔️🟥🟦
After the Bolsheviks seized power, civil war broke out between the Reds (Bolsheviks) and Whites (a mix of monarchists, liberals, and foreign powers). The war was brutal – famine, disease, and violence were widespread.

Revise:

• Who fought and why

• Role of foreign intervention

• Impact on the Russian people

Reasons for Bolshevik Victory in the Russian Civil War

🏅🚂
The Reds had key advantages:

• Leadership: Trotsky organised the Red Army efficiently and used former Tsarist officers

• Geography: Controlled central Russia – easier to move troops/supplies

• Unity: Reds had one aim; Whites were divided and disorganised

• War Communism: Harsh but kept Red forces supplied

• Terror: Cheka crushed opposition brutally

Revise:

• Strategic and leadership strengths

• Weaknesses of the Whites

• Role of propaganda and terror

Paper 2 | Option A3: The USA, 1918–41

The Changing Position of Women in the 1920s

💃📣
The 1920s saw big changes for some women, especially in cities:

• Flappers: Young, urban women who embraced fashion, jazz, and independence

• Voting rights: Gained in 1920 (19th Amendment)

• Work: More jobs in offices and shops, though most women still had traditional roles

• Limitations: Rural areas and ethnic minorities saw far fewer changes

Revise:

• What changed for women (social, political, economic)

• Who benefited the most?

• Continuing inequalities

The ‘Monkey Trial’

🐒⚖️
In 1925, teacher John Scopes was put on trial for teaching evolution in Tennessee, against state law. The case became a national spectacle, highlighting the clash between modern science and religious fundamentalism.

• Scopes was found guilty, but the trial damaged the fundamentalist image.

Revise:

• Why was the trial important?

• What did it reveal about US society and values in the 1920s?

• Long-term impact on education and science

The Impact of the Great Depression

📉🍞
Following the 1929 Wall Street Crash, the economy collapsed:

• Unemployment soared to 13 million

• Homelessness and poverty rose (shanty towns called "Hoovervilles")

• Farmers hit by the Dust Bowl and falling prices

• Social impact: Decline in living standards, increase in crime, family strain

Revise:

• Who was affected and how?

• Link economic problems to social consequences

• Regional variations (cities vs rural)

Hoover’s Response to the Great Depression

🤝📜
President Herbert Hoover initially believed in rugged individualism – that people should help themselves. His early response was limited:

• Encouraged businesses to keep wages high

• Set up Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) to lend money to banks and businesses

• But... he resisted direct aid to individuals and was criticised for being out of touch

• The Bonus Army incident (1932) made him even more unpopular

Revise:

• What Hoover did and why it was seen as “too little, too late”

• Public reaction to Hoover’s policies

• How this led to Roosevelt’s election in 1932

Paper 2 | Option B2: Changes in Medicine, c1848–c1948

Public Health Reform, 1848–75

🚰🧼
The Industrial Revolution brought overcrowded cities, poor sanitation, and frequent outbreaks of disease (like cholera).

• 1848 Public Health Act: Created a central board of health – limited impact

• John Snow: Proved cholera was waterborne (1854)

• Joseph Bazalgette: Built London’s sewer system

• 1875 Public Health Act: Made local councils responsible for clean water, sewage, and housing

Revise:

• Key individuals and their contributions

• Government attitude shifts (laissez-faire to intervention)

• Impact on public health

The Role of Women in Medicine

👩‍⚕️💪
Women faced barriers but made big contributions:

• Elizabeth Garrett Anderson: First female doctor in Britain (1865)

• Sophia Jex-Blake: Helped open up medical education for women

• WWI gave women chances to work in medicine, nursing, and surgery

• By 1919, women could enter medical professions more freely

Revise:

• Key pioneers and what they achieved

• Impact of WWI on opportunities

• Long-term changes in attitudes and access

Developments in Surgery

🔪🛌
Surgery transformed thanks to three big breakthroughs:

• Anaesthetics: Ether and chloroform allowed longer, pain-free operations

• Antiseptics: Joseph Lister used carbolic acid to prevent infection

• Aseptic surgery: Operating theatres became sterile (gloves, masks, clean tools)

Revise:

• Key individuals and methods

• How public and medical opinions changed over time

• Impact on surgical success rates

The Development of Penicillin

🧫💊

• Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928 by accident

• Didn’t have the tools to mass-produce it

• Florey and Chain developed ways to produce it on a large scale in the 1940s

• Mass production helped save lives in WWII and revolutionised medicine

Revise:

• The roles of Fleming, Florey, and Chain

• Importance of government and US funding

• Impact on infection treatment and antibiotics

Paper 2 | Option B4: China: Conflict, Crisis and Change, 1900–89

Chiang Kai-shek’s Response to Political Opposition Compared to Mao’s Response

🛡️🧨
Chiang Kai-shek (Nationalists):

• Suppressed communists during the White Terror (1927)

• Used military force to crush opposition

• Relied on the Blue Shirts (secret police)

• Focused on unifying China but failed to win mass support

Mao Zedong (Communists):

• Used mass campaigns (e.g. Thought Reform, Anti-Rightist Movement)

• Controlled opposition through propaganda, re-education, and violence

• Cultural Revolution targeted anyone seen as a threat, using Red Guards

Revise:

• Methods of control (violent vs ideological)

• Effectiveness and public support

• Long-term consequences for each leader

Causes of the Great Leap Forward

🌾🏭🔥
Launched in 1958, Mao’s aim was to modernise China rapidly by transforming agriculture and industry.
Key causes:

• Desire to rival Western economies quickly

• Belief in mass mobilisation over expertise

• Mao’s confidence after success of the First Five-Year Plan

• Political reasons: to assert Mao’s authority within the CCP

Revise:

• Mao’s ideology vs reality

• Influence of Soviet-style planning

• Over-ambition and propaganda-fuelled targets

The Impact of Foreign Influence on the Way China Was Governed, 1911–49

🌍⚔️
This period saw major foreign influence:

• 1911 Revolution ended the Qing Dynasty – partly due to Western pressure for reform

• Warlord Era (1916–27): Weak central control, foreign powers (Japan, Britain) had economic zones

• May Fourth Movement (1919): Protested foreign interference, especially Japan’s gains post-WWI

• Sino-Japanese War (1937–45): United Nationalists and Communists temporarily

• Post-WWII US and USSR backed rival sides (KMT vs CCP)

Revise:

• Political instability caused by foreign presence

• Growth of nationalism and anti-imperialism

• How foreign events shaped CCP rise

Changes in Education in China, 1965–89

📚🚫➡️🔄
During the Cultural Revolution (1966–76):

• Schools and universities were closed

• Focus on political indoctrination rather than learning

• Intellectuals persecuted, teachers attacked

Post-Mao Reforms (after 1976):

• Under Deng Xiaoping, education was rebuilt

• More focus on science, maths, and technology

• Exam system restored, emphasis on merit and modernisation

• Less political influence, more practical skills

Revise:

• Contrast between Cultural Revolution and Deng’s era

• Impact on students and teachers

• Role of education in China’s modernisation

Paper 2 | Option B6: The Changing Nature of Warfare and International Conflict, 1919–2011

The Use of Atomic Bombs on Japan (1945)

☢️🇯🇵
The USA dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 to force Japan to surrender and end WWII. Over 100,000 civilians died, and both cities were devastated.
Reasons for use:

• Avoid a costly land invasion

• Demonstrate power to the USSR

• Japan’s refusal to surrender

Revise:

• Impact on warfare and diplomacy

• Ethical debate and long-term effects

• How it changed future military strategy (start of nuclear age)

Changes in the Nature of Warfare, 1939–45

🪖🛩️💣
WWII saw rapid evolution in warfare:

• Blitzkrieg: Fast, mechanised attacks used by Germany

• Aerial warfare: Mass bombing (e.g. Blitz, Dresden) and aircraft carriers

• Technology: Tanks, radar, and code-breaking (Enigma)

• Civilians became targets: Total war concept

• Nuclear weapons by 1945

Revise:

• Comparison with WWI methods

• Role of science and industry in war

• Effects on soldiers and civilians

The Role of the UN in Peacekeeping

🕊️🌐
Formed in 1945 to maintain peace and prevent future wars.
Successes:

• Peacekeeping missions in Cyprus, Congo, East Timor

• Humanitarian aid and refugee support
  Failures:

• Inaction during Rwanda genocide (1994) and Srebrenica massacre (1995)

• Limited by Security Council vetoes

Revise:

• How peacekeeping works (troops, mandates, diplomacy)

• Case study examples

• Strengths and limitations

The Gulf War (1990–91)

🛢️🪖
Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990. A US-led coalition launched Operation Desert Storm to liberate Kuwait.

• High-tech war: Precision bombing, satellite-guided missiles

• Heavy use of air power before ground assault

• Coalition victory in six weeks

Revise:

• Reasons for conflict (oil, aggression, UN role)

• Impact on warfare (technology, media coverage)

• Consequences for Iraq and the Middle East

📣 OUT NOW! Our AQA GCSE English Language 2025 Predicted Papers are here! 📝

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Whether you're aiming to boost your confidence or push into the top grade, this resource is your secret weapon 💪📚

AQA GCSE English Language Paper 1

Paper Title: Explorations in Creative Reading and Writing
Total Marks: 80
Total Time: 1 hour 45 minutes
Split:

• Section A: Reading (40 marks)

• Section B: Writing (40 marks)

📖 Section A: Reading (1 fiction extract) – 45 mins total

You'll be given an extract from a novel. All questions are based on this.

🔍 Question 1: List four things

Marks: 4
Timing: 5 mins
Style: Very literal—pick out four simple facts or details from a specific part of the text.
✅ Tip: No analysis needed. Just quote or paraphrase accurately. Don't explain!

✨ Question 2: Language analysis

Marks: 8
Timing: 10 mins
Style: How the writer uses language to describe/impact/create effect.
✅ Use a strong paragraph structure, like PETAL
✅ Focus on word choice, similes, metaphors, sentence structure, etc.
🎯 Try to cover 2–3 short quotes and explain how they affect the reader.

🧱 Question 3: Structure analysis

Marks: 8
Timing: 10 mins
Style: How the writer has structured the whole text to interest the reader.
✅ Comment on shifts in focus, contrasts, opening/ending, paragraphing, etc.
✅ Use terms like narrative perspective, zoom in/out, or cyclical structure.
🎯 Try to write 2–3 paragraphs, focusing on the effect of structure.

🗣️ Question 4: Evaluation (your opinion)

Marks: 20
Timing: 20 mins
Style: “To what extent do you agree?”
✅ Use evidence to back up your opinion
✅ Analyse the language/structure like Q2 and Q3
🎯 Make sure to cover both what the writer does and why it's effective

✍️ Section B: Writing – 45 mins total

You'll choose one task, usually a descriptive or narrative writing prompt.

✨ Question 5: Creative writing

Marks: 40
Timing: 45 mins (including planning and proofreading)
Choose ONE of:

• Write a description inspired by a picture

• Write the opening or continuation of a story based on a theme

✅ Spend 5–10 minutes planning (characters, setting, structure)
✅ Use a clear structure—a beginning, a build-up, a high point, and a resolution.
✅ Aim for vivid vocabulary, varied sentence structures, and literary techniques (similes, metaphors, personification, etc.)
✅ Proofread at the end to fix spelling, punctuation, and grammar.

🎯 Marks Breakdown:

• 24 marks for content (imagination, clarity, structure)

• 16 marks for SPaG (Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar)

🕒 Suggested Paper Timing Overview:

✅ Final Tip: Practise each question type individually AND as full papers. The more familiar you are, the more confident you’ll feel on exam day 💚

AQA GCSE English Language Paper 2

Paper Title: Writers’ Viewpoints and Perspectives
Total Marks: 80
Total Time: 1 hour 45 minutes
Split:

• Section A: Reading (40 marks)

• Section B: Writing (40 marks)

📖 Section A: Reading – 1 hour total

You’ll be given two non-fiction texts (from different time periods). All questions are based on comparing and analysing these.

📋 Question 1: True or false

Marks: 4
Timing: 5 mins
Style: Select four statements that are true based on Source A
✅ Tip: Just shade or tick the correct boxes—no explaining needed. Be careful not to infer or assume anything that isn’t directly in the text!

✨ Question 2: Summary

Marks: 8
Timing: 10 mins
Style: Summarise differences or similarities between the two sources.
✅ Focus on content only, not language
✅ Use short quotes to back up your points
🎯 Use a simple structure like:

• Both texts show... but in different ways

• Source A says... whereas Source B shows...

🔍 Question 3: Language analysis

Marks: 12
Timing: 15 mins
Style: How does the writer use language to... (only Source B)
✅ Choose 2–3 quotes and zoom in on word choices, tone, figurative language, etc.
✅ Talk about effect on the reader
🎯 Use PETAL or PEAZ (Point, Evidence, Analyse, Zoom-in)

⚖️ Question 4: Comparison of viewpoints

Marks: 16
Timing: 20 mins
Style: Compare the writers’ attitudes/viewpoints and how they express them
✅ Cover both content and tone/language
✅ Comment on methods (tone, emotive language, rhetorical devices)
✅ Use comparison phrases: whereas, similarly, on the other hand
🎯 Structure tip: alternate between sources (A then B) or group points by theme

✍️ Section B: Writing – 45 mins total

You’ll write a non-fiction text—often a letter, article, speech, or essay—on a given topic.

🗣️ Question 5: Transactional writing

Marks: 40
Timing: 45 mins (include planning + proofreading)
Examples:

• Write a letter to your MP about school lunches 🍽️

• Write a speech arguing for or against mobile phones in schools 📱

• Write an article about the importance of protecting the environment 🌍

✅ Identify form, audience and purpose—this affects your tone and structure
✅ Use clear paragraphs and linking devices (however, furthermore, in contrast)
✅ Include rhetorical techniques: facts/statistics, emotive language, direct address
✅ Plan your 3–4 main points before you begin
🎯 Marks Breakdown:

• 24 marks for content (how convincing, clear, and structured your argument is)

• 16 marks for SPaG (Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar)

🕒 Suggested Paper Timing Overview:

✅ Top Tip: Know how to adapt your tone—formal for a letter to an authority figure, passionate and persuasive for a speech, and informative but engaging for an article.

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AQA GCSE Geography Paper 1 Predictions

🌋 Tectonic Hazards

Focus on causes, effects, and responses to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Know the difference between primary and secondary effects and between immediate and long-term responses. Case study: compare a LIC/NEE (e.g. Nepal 2015) with a HIC (e.g. Chile 2010). Understand plate boundaries and why people live in hazard-prone areas. Use the three Ps: prediction, protection, planning.

🌡️ Adaptation to Climate Change

This is about how we live with climate change, not stop it! Know examples of:

• Agricultural adaptation (e.g. drought-resistant crops)

• Managing water supply (e.g. desalination, rainwater collection)

• Coping with rising sea levels (e.g. sea walls, managed retreat) Be ready to explain why adaptation is needed and link to specific regions or strategies from case studies.

🌀 Impacts of Tropical Storms

Know the structure and formation of tropical storms and how climate change may affect their frequency and intensity. Learn a named example like Typhoon Haiyan: include primary/secondary effects and immediate/long-term responses. Use terms like storm surge, high winds, flooding. Be prepared to evaluate the effectiveness of responses.

🌳 Deforestation

Focus on tropical rainforests, especially the Amazon. Know causes: logging, farming, mining, road building. Impacts include loss of biodiversity, climate change, and indigenous displacement. Learn sustainable management strategies like selective logging, ecotourism, and debt reduction. Use data and examples!

🐪❄️ Economic Development in Desert/Cold Environments

Use the Thar Desert and Svalbard (Arctic) as case studies. Know opportunities (e.g. tourism, mining, energy) and challenges (e.g. extreme temperatures, accessibility). Explain how development is managed sustainably in harsh conditions. Link to fragile environments and human activity impacts.

🌊 Coastal Erosion

Understand erosional processes: hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition, and solution. Be able to explain the formation of features like headlands, bays, caves, arches, stacks. Use a named UK example (e.g. Holderness Coast). Know hard and soft engineering methods for coastal management and their pros/cons.

🌧️ Flood Risk for Rivers

Know physical and human factors that increase flood risk: precipitation, geology, urbanisation, deforestation. Use a case study like Boscastle or Cumbria floods. Understand how to interpret storm hydrographs and describe flood management strategies (e.g. dams, flood relief channels, flood warnings).

❄️ Managing Glacial Landscapes

Glacial landscapes = erosional and depositional features (e.g. U-shaped valleys, moraines, drumlins). Know how these features form and how people use these areas (tourism, hydroelectric power, farming). Learn about conflicts and management strategies in glaciated areas (e.g. Snowdonia or the Lake District).

AQA GCSE Geography Paper 2 Predictions

🌆 Urban Growth in LICs & NEEs

Focus on push and pull factors for rural-urban migration and the growth of megacities. Use a case study like Rio de Janeiro or Mumbai. Know about challenges (e.g. housing shortages, traffic, waste management) and solutions like site and service schemes, self-help housing, or improving education and healthcare. Use terms like urbanisation, informal economy, and favela.

🏙️ Urban Change in UK Cities

Case study required—typically London or Bristol. Know about causes of change (deindustrialisation, migration), and effects on socio-economic and environmental aspects. Learn about urban regeneration projects (e.g. London Docklands or Temple Quarter in Bristol) and how cities are becoming more sustainable (transport, green spaces, energy use).

🏗️ Investment Development Projects

Focus on how global investment and foreign aid help LICs/NEEs develop. Use a named example such as China investing in Africa or the Jubilee Line Extension in the UK. Know how investment improves infrastructure, creates jobs, and promotes economic growth—but also explore potential drawbacks like debt or inequality.

🚄 UK Transport Infrastructure

Know improvements in roads, railways, ports, and airports. Key examples include:

• HS2 and its pros/cons

• London Crossrail

• Liverpool2 port expansion Explain how these projects improve economic growth, reduce congestion, and improve regional connectivity—but also consider environmental and social impacts.

🚰 Water Quality in the UK

Know why water quality matters (health, environment) and how it's maintained (treatment plants, regulations). Understand causes of pollution: agricultural runoff, industrial waste, sewage. Learn strategies for managing water quality like monitoring, improving treatment, and education campaigns.

🍽️ Food Insecurity

Know the causes: climate change, poverty, conflict, poor infrastructure. Understand the impacts: malnutrition, economic instability, reliance on imports. Case studies might include Sahel region or Bangladesh. Learn about sustainable solutions like irrigation, GM crops, and appropriate technology (e.g. drip irrigation).

💧 Water Insecurity

Understand both physical scarcity (e.g. low rainfall) and economic scarcity (e.g. lack of investment). Case studies: Africa’s Sahel region, California, or South Asia. Know the impacts—on health, farming, industry—and management strategies like dams, water transfer schemes, and conservation.

⚡ Energy Insecurity

Understand causes: rising demand, depletion of resources, political conflict, reliance on fossil fuels. Know the consequences: increased costs, conflict, energy rationing. Case studies might include Russia/Ukraine gas supplies, or UK’s shift to renewables. Learn management strategies: diversifying energy mix, renewables, fracking, and conservation.

AQA GCSE Geography Paper 3 Pre Release

📚 Edexcel GCSE English Language: Skills You Actually Need (With 2025 Papers Included!)

Let’s be honest—English Language can feel like a bit of a mystery. No dates to memorise, no key events or formulas… just a lot of writing. But with the right strategies and plenty of practice, it’s 100% possible to go from confused to confident (and maybe even hit that elusive Grade 9! ✨).

Whether you’re sitting Paper 1 or Paper 2, Edexcel GCSE English Language is all about skills—reading closely, analysing language and structure, evaluating texts, and crafting clear, thoughtful writing under timed conditions.

✍️ What Do You Actually Need to Do?

Both papers test a mixture of reading and writing skills:

📄 Paper 1: Fiction and Imaginative Writing

• Section A: Read a fiction extract and answer questions that test your ability to interpret language, structure, and evaluate a writer's methods.

• ✨ Here’s the specifics: 
  Spend around 10 minutes reading the extract carefully. Highlight key language, structure, and moments linked to emotion or tension. You might even look at the questions before reading just so you know what to be looking out for!

  Question 1⏰ Time: 2 minutes | 1 mark

  You’ll be asked to look at specific lines and identify a word or phrase that shows something.

  Tips:
  Use only the specified lines.
  Copy exactly—don’t paraphrase.
  No explanation is needed—just accurate selection.

  Question 2 ⏰ Time: 3–4 minutes | 2 marks

  You’ll be asked to provide two things that show something.

  Tips:
  Stick to the given extract.
  Just two brief pieces of evidence—words or phrases.
  No analysis required.

  Question 3 -⏰ Time: 10–12 minutes | 6 marks

  You’ll be expected to analyse the writer’s use of language and structure and how this has been used to present something.

  Tips:
  Focus only on the given lines.
  Cover language (e.g. verbs, adjectives, similes) AND structure (e.g. shift in focus, paragraphing, repetition).
  Make 2–3 clear points, each with short quotes and effect explained.
  Think about how the writer creates mood or meaning.

  Question 4 ⏰ Time: 30–32 minutes | 15 marks

  You’ll be asked how successfully the writer achieves a specific effect.

  Tips:
  Directly respond to the idea in the question (e.g. "creating tension").
  Support your view with detailed reference to both language and structure.
  Show your opinion—how well does it work?
  Aim for 3-4 well-developed paragraphs with embedded quotes.
  Always think: “This is effective because…”, “This draws the reader in by…”

• Section B: Write your own descriptive or narrative piece.

  Specifically, your writing can gain up to 40 marks here, so it’s a big one!  You have a choice of TWO questions.

  ⏰ Time: 45 minutes total | Planning: 5 minutes
  Writing: 35 minutes
  Proofreading: 5 minutes

  Tips:
  Choose the task that plays to your strengths.
  Plan your structure (story arc or paragraph focus).
  Use figurative language, strong vocabulary, and varied sentence structures.
  Think about tone, atmosphere, and character perspective.
  Paragraph clearly; use short paragraphs for impact.
  Revise some versatile vocabulary – stuff that can be applied to lots of scenarios!
  Check for SPaG errors—16 marks are awarded for the clarity of your work!

📰 Paper 2: Non-fiction and Transactional Writing

• Section A: Compare two non-fiction texts, analysing language and tone, and evaluating ideas and perspectives.

  📑  Questions 1 to 3 are on Text A! 
  Question 1:⏰ Time: 2 minutes | 2 marks

  Task: Refer to set lines to identify two things on a particular topic.

  Tips:
  Look only at the lines given.
  Lift two words or short phrases directly from the text.
  No need to explain—just accurate identification.

  Question 2:⏰ Time: 2 minutes | 2 marks

  Task: Look at a specific part of the text and give two things that show...

  Tips:
  Follow the line references or extract given.
  Choose two relevant details—short and to the point.
  Don't analyse—this is purely retrieval.

  Question 3:⏰ Time: 20 minutes | 15 marks

  Task: Analyse how the writer uses language and structure to interest and engage the reader.

  Tips:
  Focus on specific techniques—metaphor, emotive language, contrast, repetition, shifts in tone, sentence types.
  Cover both language AND structure (e.g. changes in focus, paragraphing, openings/closings).
  Make 3–4 developed points with evidence and detailed analysis.
  Comment on reader effect and purpose.

  📑 Questions 4-6 are on Text B

  Question 4:⏰ Time: 2 minutes | 1 mark

  Task: Identify a specific feature

  Question 5 ⏰ Time: 2 minutes | 1 mark

  Task: Identify another thing based on a given extract or line range.

  Tips for Questions 4 and 5:
  Stick to the text and lines provided.
  Write a clear point—don’t analyse!

  Question 6:⏰ Time: 20 minutes | 15 marks

  Task: Evaluate how successfully the writer achieves a certain effect.

  Tips:
  Make a clear judgement (e.g. The writer successfully creates tension...).
  Use language and structure evidence to back up your views.
  Discuss the impact on the reader and the writer’s intention.
  Aim for 4 well-developed points.

  📑 Questions 7a and 7b are on BOTH texts!

  Question 7a:⏰ Time: 8–10 minutes | 6 marks

  Task: What similarities do the two texts show about a particular theme?

  Tips:
  Focus on clear, specific similarities in content or ideas.
  Use brief quotes or references from both texts.
  No analysis of methods needed—just compare what is said.
  Make 2–3 short comparison points.

  Question 7b:⏰ Time: 15–17 minutes | 14 marks

  Task: Compare how the writers present ideas and perspectives.

  Tips:
  Focus on viewpoints, tone, and attitudes.
  Analyse methods (language/structure) and how they reveal perspective.
  Use comparative phrases: Both writers, Whereas writer A…, However…
  Aim for 3–4 strong comparison paragraphs, using quotes and analysis.

• Section B: Write a piece of transactional writing—like a letter, speech, or article—responding to a given topic.

  Specifically, your writing can gain up to 40 marks here, so it’s a big one! You have a choice of TWO questions. You need to choose ONE question (typically the choice between writing a letter, article, speech, report, etc.)

  ⏰ Time: 45 minutes total | Planning: 5 minutes

  Writing: 35 minutes
  Proofreading: 5 minutes

  Writing Task – Non-fiction Format

  Tips:
  Choose the question that suits your style and opinions.
  Use the correct form (e.g. greeting in a letter, rhetorical questions in a speech).
  Adapt your tone and language for audience and purpose (formal/informal).
  Include clear structure: introduction, main points, conclusion.
  Use persuasive devices: rhetorical questions, repetition, facts, opinions, emotive language.
  Focus on accuracy and control—16 marks are for spelling, punctuation, grammar.

Sounds like a lot? Don’t panic—we’ve broken it all down for you.

📂 2025 Predicted Papers + Walkthroughs Included!

We’ve created brand new 2025 predicted papers for Edexcel English Language exams 🎉

Here’s what’s included:

✅ Exam-style questions that reflect the structure and style of the real paper
✅ Video walkthroughs for each question, showing you how to plan, structure, and write your answers
✅ Mark schemes so you can see exactly what the examiners are looking for
✅ Grade 9 sample answers so you can see what excellence looks like and aim for it confidently

We go through each section, step by step, showing you how to build an answer, what to include, and how to manage your time like a pro ⏱️💪

🎓 Why Practice Makes Progress

You can’t revise for English in the same way as Science or Maths—but you can train your brain to think and write like a top-grade student. Our resources are designed to help you build the habits and confidence you need to walk into that exam hall ready to smash it.

So if you're looking for clarity, structure, and that all-important boost in confidence, grab your free papers and join our walkthroughs today.

👉 Click here to download your 2025 Edexcel English Language predicted papers and walkthroughs

You’ve got this. And we’ve got you. 💚

This year, we’ve put together predicted papers for AQA A-level Biology 🧪📄

Each paper comes with an exam-style mark scheme so you can check your answers and see exactly what examiners are looking for ✅.

Plus, we've included a full video walkthrough for each one, where we go through the trickiest questions and show you how to tackle them like a pro.

And for Paper 3, there’s a special A* essay planning guide and walkthrough to help you structure your answer, make those all-important synoptic links, and write with confidence 📝🌟.

Whether you're aiming for a boost in confidence or those top grades, we’ve got you covered!

Still feeling a bit wobbly? There’s still time to sign up for our Biology Masterclass! 🎓 It includes all the predicted papers, plus live sessions over the holidays and right before the exams—perfect for asking questions, clearing up any confusion, and getting last-minute tips from our expert team. 🧠💬

AQA A-level Biology Paper 1 Predictions

🔬 Cell Structure of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Know your organelles! Prokaryotes (like bacteria) have no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotes (like animal and plant cells) do. Be clear on functions—e.g., mitochondria = respiration, ribosomes = protein synthesis. Remember differences in ribosome size (70S vs 80S) and the presence of plasmids in prokaryotes.

🔍 Microscopy

Understand the differences between light, TEM, and SEM microscopes—resolution, magnification, and what they can show. Practise converting units (mm → µm → nm) and calculating magnification. Know how to use an eyepiece graticule and stage micrometer to measure cell size.

🌿 Biodiversity Including Human Impact and Measuring

Biodiversity = the number of different species in a habitat. Be ready to explain how farming reduces biodiversity (e.g. monocultures, hedgerow removal) and how the index of diversity is calculated. Practise interpreting data and suggesting ways to maintain biodiversity

🧪 Enzymes and Rates of Reaction (RP1)

Lock-and-key vs the induced fit model. Enzyme action is affected by temperature, pH, enzyme concentration and substrate concentration. RP1 involves measuring how enzyme activity changes—e.g. using a digestive enzyme and its substrate. Always include comments about the tertiary structure in your answers!

🐜 Gas Exchange (Suggested Focus on Insects)

Insects use a tracheal system—spiracles, tracheae, tracheoles. Diffusion is the main process; be able to explain adaptations like large SA, thin surfaces, and short diffusion paths. Link structure to function and how oxygen demand affects ventilation in active insects.

🧫 Aseptic Technique & Bacterial Resistance (RP6)

Know how to grow bacteria safely: flame instruments, work near a flame and lift the lid as little as possible. Explain how to measure the area of zones of inhibition to show the effect of antibiotics. Resistance evolves due to natural selection.

🚛 Cell Transport (Active and Co-transport)

Passive = diffusion and osmosis; active = ATP required to move susbtances against the concentration gradient. Co-transport in the ileum (glucose + Na⁺) is a key example. Be able to explain how glucose is absorbed via sodium-glucose co-transport and the role of the Na⁺/K⁺ pump

🌱 Transport in Plants (Focus on Phloem)

Phloem = translocation, sieve tube elements + companion cells. Know the mass flow hypothesis and be ready to evaluate evidence for/against it. Compare with xylem: direction, contents, structure. Application questions may focus on ringing, radioactive tracing or aphid experiments.

🔎 Classification

Understand the three-domain system vs five kingdoms. Know how molecular evidence (DNA/RNA/protein) supports classification. Be ready to explain how courtship behaviour or similar physical traits are used in modern taxonomy.

❤️ Haemoglobin + Bohr Shift

O₂ binds to haemoglobin to form oxyhaemoglobin. S-shaped dissociation curve = cooperative binding. Bohr shift: more CO₂ = curve shifts right = more O₂ released. Compare haemoglobin in different organisms depending on oxygen demand/environment.

🛑 Enzyme Inhibition

Competitive = similar shape to substrate, binds to active site. Non-competitive = binds elsewhere, changes active site shape. Know how to interpret graphs showing effect of inhibitors on rate of reaction.

💧 Osmosis (RP3)

Water moves from high to low water potential through a partially permeable membrane. RP3 uses plant tissue cylinders in different concentrations of solution — measure mass change, dont forget to dry them! Calculate % change and plot graphs to estimate water potential. Don’t forget to control temperature and surface area!

💉 Types of Immunity and Vaccination

Active = your immune system makes antibodies (infection or vaccine). Passive = antibodies given (e.g. breast milk, antivenom). Vaccines may use dead/inactivated pathogens. Understand herd immunity and ethical issues around vaccination programmes.

🧬 Antibodies Including the ELISA Test

Antibodies = specific, complementary to antigen. Monoclonal antibodies can target cancer cells or detect antigens. ELISA tests use an enzyme-linked antibody to show presence of antigen—often with a colour change. Be ready to describe the method and interpret results.

AQA A-Level Biology Paper 2 Predictions

🩺 Kidney Structure and Function

Key structures: cortex, medulla, nephron (Bowman's capsule, loop of Henle, collecting duct). Ultrafiltration occurs at the glomerulus; selective reabsorption happens in the proximal convoluted tubule. Loop of Henle maintains a concentration gradient via counter-current multiplication. ADH controls water reabsorption in the collecting duct—know how it changes membrane permeability.

🌞 Chloroplast Structure & Photosynthesis Reaction

Grana = stacks of thylakoids (light-dependent), stroma = site of Calvin cycle. Light-dependent reaction produces ATP and NADPH. Calvin cycle uses these to fix CO₂ into glucose. Know key enzymes (e.g. Rubisco), and how temperature, CO₂, and light intensity affect photosynthesis.

🐁 Animal Behaviour (RP10)

RP10 looks at response to stimuli—taxis (directional) and kinesis (non-directional). Practicals often use choice chambers or maze setups. Be able to describe how to set up, collect data and control variables. Justify methods and suggest improvements.

📊 Hardy-Weinberg & Allele Frequencies

Equations: p + q = 1 and p² + 2pq + q² = 1. Assumes no mutation, migration, selection, or genetic drift. Use frequencies to calculate expected genotypes/alleles. Be prepared to apply this to inheritance patterns or real population data.

🍬 RP11 Measuring Glucose Concentration

Often uses colorimetry with Benedict’s reagent. Create calibration curve using known concentrations. Measure absorbance of unknown samples to determine concentration. Control variables like temperature, time, and reagent volume.

🏃‍♂️ Respiration, Exercise & Muscles

Respiration: Glycolysis → Link reaction → Krebs cycle → Oxidative phosphorylation. Know what’s produced at each step. Fast twitch = short bursts, anaerobic, lots of glycogen. Slow twitch = endurance, aerobic, more mitochondria/myoglobin. Exercise increases respiration and oxygen demand.

✏️ Transcription Factors

Transcription factors bind to DNA to activate or inhibit transcription. Some are hormones (e.g. oestrogen). Be ready to explain how they allow genes to be switched on or off and how this links to cell specialisation or cancer.

📡 The Secondary Messenger Model

Used by hormones like adrenaline. Hormone binds to receptor → activates enzyme → produces second messenger (like cAMP). cAMP activates enzymes inside cell, causing a cascade effect. Important in the control of blood glucose.

🧬 Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression

DNA can be methylated (switches genes off) or histones acetylated (switches genes on). These changes don’t alter the DNA sequence but can affect gene expression long-term—important in development and disease (e.g. cancer).

🧫 Gene Probes & Gel Electrophoresis

Gene probes = short, labelled DNA sequences that bind to specific genes. Useful in screening for genetic disorders. Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments by size—smaller fragments travel further. Can compare genetic similarity or identify alleles.

🌾 Nitrogen Cycle

Key processes: nitrogen fixation, ammonification, nitrification, denitrification. Carried out by bacteria in soil. Be able to label diagrams and explain how farming practices affect the cycle (e.g. fertilisers, ploughing, crop rotation).

🐄 Carrying Capacity & Population Size

Population growth is limited by abiotic (light, temp, water) and biotic (predation, competition) factors. Carrying capacity = max stable population size ecosystem can support. Be able to interpret population graphs and describe predator-prey cycles.

⚡ ATP Synthesis

ATP = universal energy currency. Made in mitochondria via chemiosmosis. H⁺ ions flow through ATP synthase, driving phosphorylation of ADP. Substrate-level phosphorylation also contributes. Know the role of ATP in metabolic reactions.

⚙️ Synapses & Neuromuscular Junctions

Synapses transmit signals between neurons via neurotransmitters (like acetylcholine). Summation (temporal/spatial) can affect likelihood of action potential. Neuromuscular junctions work similarly but always excite muscles. Be ready to compare the two in function and structure.

AQA A-Level Biology Paper 3 Essay Predictions

🧠 Don’t Forget – Paper 3 is Synoptic!

Paper 3 isn’t just a standalone paper—it’s a full-circle moment! 🔄 Because it’s synoptic, any content from Paper 1 and Paper 2 is fair game, so all those topics we’ve already predicted (yes, all of them!) could pop up again. Whether it’s an essay question asking you to link enzymes to biodiversity 🌱, or a data question combining gene technology with population change 📈, Paper 3 is all about making connections across the whole course. So keep revisiting those core ideas, practice making links between topics, and remember—you’ve learned more than you think! 💚✨

If you're feeling a mix of "bring it on" and "please no essay," you're definitely not alone! Unlike Papers 1 and 2, this one’s all about putting everything together: thinking synoptically, spotting connections, and showing off just how much you really know. And yes, there’s that big 25-mark essay at the end ✍️😅—but don’t panic! It’s actually a fab chance to shine if you play it smart.

💧 The Importance of Water as an Essential Molecule for Life

Water is everywhere in Biology—literally and exam-wise!
You can link it to:

• Cohesion & adhesion: Key for transpiration stream in xylem 🌿

• Solvent properties: Transports substances in blood and cytoplasm 💉

• High specific heat capacity: Stabilises aquatic environments 🌊

• Metabolism: Hydrolysis and condensation reactions 🧪

• Osmosis: Cell transport and turgor in plants 💧

Also consider water’s role in respiration and photosynthesis—it’s a reactant in one and a product in the other!

🧬 The Importance of Cell Division for Development and Survival

Think mitosis and meiosis here:

• Mitosis: Growth, repair, asexual reproduction. Link to cancer and stem cells 🔁

• Meiosis: Genetic variation via independent assortment & crossing over 🎲

• Fertilisation: Zygote to multicellular organism via repeated mitosis 🤱

• Immune response: Clonal selection and expansion of B/T cells 🦠

• Gene expression & regulation: Ensuring cells specialise correctly during development

Cell division literally builds organisms and keeps them alive!

💪 The Importance of Proteins

Proteins = the workhorses of biology!

• Enzymes: Catalyse reactions (digestion, DNA replication) ⚡

• Haemoglobin: Oxygen transport, Bohr shift, structure-function link ❤️

• Antibodies: Immune defence 💉

• Carrier proteins: In membranes for active transport and facilitated diffusion 🧫

• Muscle contraction: Actin and myosin, respiration and ATP ⚙️

• Transcription factors: Control gene expression 🎛️

🧫 The Importance of Microorganisms

• Decomposers in the nitrogen cycle 🌾

• Pathogens: Cause disease, drive immune responses 🦠

• Bacteria in biotechnology: Recombinant DNA, producing insulin, enzymes 🧪

• Antibiotic production and resistance: Evolution in action! 💊

Perfect essay for synoptic links between ecosystems, health, and genetics.

🧬 The Importance of Genetic Technologies

• Gene probes and electrophoresis: Diagnosis and screening 🔎

• Genetic modification: Agriculture, medicine, ethics 🌽💉

• PCR: Amplifying DNA for analysis 🧬

• Gene therapy: Treating genetic disorders

Link back to ethics, personalised medicine, and conservation genetics.

The 2025 Edexcel GCSE Business papers are finally out! 🎉 That means it's the perfect time to dive into our 2025 predictions 💼📈 Ready to smash your revision? We've put together free video walkthroughs of the 2025 papers to help you see exactly how to structure those top-grade answers 💡💯 Whether you're aiming for a Grade 9 or just want to feel more confident in your exam technique, we've got your back! 🙌 These videos are packed with tips, tricks, and clear examples to help you revise smarter, not harder 🚀✨

Here’s what you’ll get with our 2025 Business predicted paper:

📝 Predicted Paper – brand-new exam-style questions based on the most likely topics to come up
📄 Exam-Style Mark Scheme – so you know exactly what the examiner is looking for
🎥 Free Video Walkthrough – get inside the mind of the examiner and see how to craft those top-level answers
🌟 Confidence-boosting support – because you’ve got this, and we’re here to help every step of the way!

🧠 The paper kicks off with multiple-choice questions, so make sure you've revised everything—they love to sneak in those little details! A few top tips for multiple choice:

✔️ Read the question carefully – they can be sneaky with wording!
✔️ Eliminate obvious wrong answers to narrow your choices
✔️ Don’t leave anything blank – there’s no penalty for guessing
✔️ Watch out for distractors – they’ll try to trick you with options that sound right but aren't quite right

Edexcel | GCSE Business | Paper 1 | 2025 predicted paper

🎯 Customer Needs & Market Research
Knowing your customer is everything! For Edexcel, focus on how businesses identify and meet customer needs (quality, choice, convenience, price) and how they gather information through primary (e.g. surveys, focus groups) and secondary research (e.g. internet, market reports). Be ready to explain the benefits of understanding customer needs and how research helps reduce risk and inform decisions.
👉 Top tip: Practise linking your answers to how a start-up might use this info to survive and grow!

🚀 The Role of Business Enterprise
Business isn’t just about making money—it’s about solving problems! You’ll need to explain the purpose of business: providing goods/services, meeting customer needs, and adding value 💡 Think about entrepreneurs and their role in taking risks, organising resources, and driving innovation.
👉 Edexcel loves a good question on how entrepreneurs spot opportunities and make a business successful!

💰 Business Revenues, Costs and Profits
Time for the maths! 📊 You need to calculate revenue (price × quantity), total costs (fixed + variable), and profit (revenue – costs). Also understand break-even and cash flow. Make sure you can interpret simple data tables and graphs too!
👉 Top tip: Always show your working—even if the question looks easy!

📋 Business Plans
A business plan is more than a formality—it’s a roadmap! Know what’s included: objectives, marketing, operations, finance, and HR planning. Edexcel focuses on how plans help reduce risk and secure finance.
👉 Exam-style advice: You might be asked how a business plan helps a start-up make better decisions—be specific and structured!

🏪 Options for Start-ups and Small Businesses
Understand different ownership types: sole traders, partnerships, limited companies. Know the pros and cons of each—control, liability, finance, and legal requirements. Also look at franchising as a growth method.
👉 Common Edexcel angle: Compare options and recommend the best one for a specific business scenario.

⚖️ Legislation and Business
The law matters! Focus on how legislation affects areas like consumer rights, employment law, and health and safety. You’ll need to explain why it matters and how it impacts costs, reputation, and operations.
👉 Exam trick: Questions often ask you to evaluate how following legislation affects a business positively and negatively—so balance your answers!

Edexcel | GCSE Business | Paper 2 | 2025 predicted paper

🌍 Business and Globalisation
Welcome to the world stage! Edexcel wants you to understand how globalisation affects UK businesses. That includes imports and exports, exchange rates, and foreign competition. Be ready to explain benefits (like access to new markets 🌎) and drawbacks (like increased competition).
👉 Top tip: Practise applying exchange rate changes—"SPICED" (Strong Pound Imports Cheaper, Exports Dearer) is your best mate here!

🌱 Ethics, the Environment and Business
Doing the right thing matters! Know how ethical behaviour (e.g. fair trade, paying a living wage) and environmental considerations (e.g. reducing waste, sustainability) affect business decisions and reputation. Edexcel often asks you to weigh up the costs vs benefits of being ethical.
👉 Remember: Ethical choices can mean higher costs, but also build long-term customer loyalty 💚

📊 Using the Marketing Mix to Make Business Decisions
Time to get strategic! You need to know all four P’s—Product, Price, Place, Promotion—and how businesses tweak them to meet customer needs and stay competitive. Think about how businesses adapt the mix when launching new products or entering new markets.
👉 Edexcel exam-style twist: They love giving you a scenario and asking how a business should adjust its marketing mix—so make sure you can apply your knowledge, not just list it!

🛍️ The Sales Process
It's more than just a smile and a till! The sales process includes customer engagement, product knowledge, speed and efficiency, and after-sales service. Know how these elements help increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.
👉 Easy marks: Be ready to describe what makes an effective sales process and how it leads to repeat business.

🧑‍💼 Effective Recruitment
It’s all about getting the right people in the right roles! Edexcel expects you to know the difference between internal and external recruitment, job descriptions, person specifications, and the selection process (CVs, interviews, tests).
👉 Key focus: Understand how recruitment links to business success—think about skills, motivation, and long-term growth 📈

School break is here, and if revision is on your mind, we’ve got something seriously helpful lined up for you.

This year, we’re running live, interactive revision sessions over the holidays as part of our Masterclass series, designed to take the stress out of studying and help you feel properly prepared for your GCSE and A-Level exams.

👩‍🏫 Live Sessions with an Experienced Tutor

These aren’t just watch-and-learn videos. Our sessions are fully interactive, with an experienced tutor guiding you through the content, answering your questions, and helping you break down even the trickiest topics. It’s like having your own personal revision coach—without having to leave your bedroom.

We’ll focus on:

• Exclusive predicted exam-style questions

• How to approach the paper like an examiner

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And the best part? You can ask questions live, and get instant support if you’re stuck.

📝 What’s Included in the Masterclass?

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✅ Predicted papers for your subject
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Perfect Time to Get Ahead

This is your chance to build momentum, sort out the topics you’re still unsure about, and head into the final stretch of revision feeling on it. We’ll be with you every step of the way, with expert advice, encouragement, and all the resources you need.

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Let’s make this your most confident exam season yet 💛

Easter break might feel like it’s all about revision, but let’s take a second to remember something really important—your mental health matters too. Yes, exams are coming. Yes, revision is key. But burning out in April doesn’t help you in May and June. So let’s talk about how to make this Easter both productive and gentle on your brain.

1. 🧠 Structure Helps—So Plan Your Day

The best way to get the most out of your revision without feeling overwhelmed is to stick to a school-like routine. Use your normal school timetable as a guide—minus PE, unless you really want to throw in a jog (or dance around the kitchen, which totally counts).

Break your day into subjects, schedule in snack and screen breaks, and give yourself a proper finish time. You don’t need to be working 12 hours a day to succeed—you need focus, not exhaustion.

2. 📺 Join Our Free Live YouTube Sessions

You don’t have to do this alone! All through the Easter holidays, we’re running free live revision lessons on YouTube, covering almost every GCSE and A-Level subject.

Each session includes:

• Exclusive exam-style questions

• Step-by-step walkthroughs

• Tips on interpreting the question and laying out answers to match the mark scheme

Bring your notes, bring a cup of tea, and come revise with us in real-time.

3. 📄 Use Our Predicted Papers (+ Free Walkthroughs!)

If you’re not sure what to revise, our predicted papers are a great place to start. They’re packed with realistic questions and come with free video walkthroughs that guide you through the answers.

They're perfect for self-testing, boosting confidence, and spotting where you need to focus next.

4. 🌼 Be Kind to Yourself

Remember, you are not your grades. Taking breaks, having a lie-in, seeing friends, or just zoning out with your dog (hi from our black lab 🐶) is not “wasted” time. It’s how your brain resets and gets ready for the next round of learning.

You're doing brilliantly. Take it one step at a time, keep showing up for yourself, and remember—we’re here to help every step of the way 💛

📺 Join the live sessions https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBgvmal8AR4QIK2e0EfJwaA
📄 Check out the predicted papers + walkthroughs https://www.primrosekitten.com/collections/predicted-papers

Hi

In a completely serious and not-at-all-suspicious update, the exam boards have announced a brand-new topic for the GCSE Chemistry exams: Potion-Making 🧙‍♂️💫

That’s right – forget balancing equations, it’s time to master polyjuice, draught of peace, and the art of properly stirring anti-clockwise. (With your wand, obviously.)

Starting from 1st April 2025, students will be assessed on:

• Wand technique 🔮

• Cauldron hygiene 🧼

• Correct usage of powdered unicorn horn 🦄

• And the safe disposal of leftover dragon’s blood 🐉

But don’t panic – we’re already filming a full walkthrough, complete with a cauldron and safety goggles.

Scroll to the bottom for a magical surprise…

🎉 April Fools! 🎉
Don't worry, your Chemistry paper is still firmly rooted in real science – but wouldn't potion class be fun?

In the meantime, check out our very real (and dragon-free) resources for 2025 – walkthroughs, predicted papers, and revision support all waiting for you 🧪❤️

Stay curious, stay kind, and always triple-check the exam board updates – just in case they do sneak in a potion module one day... 😉

Big hugs from all of us
Primrose Kitten 🐱